Next, we consider multi-layered media, where the accumulation of lateral heterogeneity effects with the recursion (equation 12) plays a role. We first look at the case of reflection traveltime and apply the proposed framework to compute the effective NMO velocity that honors the effects from lateral heterogeneity. We follow the steps as described previously in the numerical implementation section. In the first two synthetic examples below, we benchmark our results against synthetic seismograms from Kirchhoff modeling using an accurate two-point ray bending scheme (Sripanich and Fomel, 2014). For the last example, we use the Hess VTI model and its common-midpoint (CMP) gather to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method.
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