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![]() | Seismic data interpolation beyond aliasing using regularized nonstationary autoregression | ![]() |
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Correcting irregular spatial sampling is another application for seismic data interpolation algorithms. A variety of interpolation methods have been published in the recent years. One approach is to estimate the PEF on multiple rescaled copies of the irregular data (Curry, 2003), where the data are rescaled with a number of progressively-larger bin sizes. Curry (2004) further improves the rescaling method by introducing multiple scales of the data where the location of the grid cells are varied in addition to the size of the cells. Curry and Shan (2008) use pseudo-primary data by crosscorrelating multiples and primaries to estimate nonstationary PEF and then interpolated missing near offsets. Naghizadeh and Sacchi (2010b) propose autoregressive spectral estimates to reconstruct aliased data and data with gaps.
Seismic data are nonstationary. The standard PEF is designed under the
assumption of stationary data and becomes less effective when this
assumption is violated (Claerbout, 1992). Cutting data into
overlapping windows (patching) is a common method to handle
nonstationarity (Claerbout, 2010), although it occasionally fails
in the presence of variable
dips. Crawley et al. (1999) propose smoothly-varying
nonstationary PEFs with ``micropatches'' and radial smoothing, which
typically produces better results than the rectangular patching
approach. Fomel (2002) develops a nonstationary plane-wave
destruction (PWD) filter as an alternative to
-
PEF
(Claerbout, 1992) and applies the PWD operator to trace
interpolation. The PWD method depends on the assumption of a small
number of smoothly variable seismic dips. Curry (2003) uses
Laplacian and radial rougheners to ensure a nonstationary PEF that
varies smoothly in space, which specifies an appropriate
regularization operator.
In this paper, we use the two-step strategy, similar to that of Claerbout (1992) and Crawley et al. (1999), but calculate the adaptive PEF by using regularized nonstationary autoregression (Fomel, 2009) to handle both nonstationarity and aliasing. The key idea is the use of shaping regularization (Fomel, 2007) to constrain the spatial smoothness of filter coefficients. We provide an approach to nonstationary data interpolation, which has an intuitive selection of parameters and fast iteration convergence. We test the new method by using several benchmark synthetic examples. Results of applying the proposed method to a field data example demonstrate that it can be effective in trace interpolation problems, even in the presence of multiple strongly variable slopes.
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![]() | Seismic data interpolation beyond aliasing using regularized nonstationary autoregression | ![]() |
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